The Sundarbans (Bengali: সুন্দরবন, Shundorbôn) is the biggest solitary block of tidal halophytic mangrove forest in the world.The Sunderbans is a UNESCO World Heritage Site casing parts of India and Bangladesh.
The Sundarbans National Park is a National Park, Tiger hold back and a Biosphere Reserve positioned in the Sundarbans delta in the Indian state of West Bengal. This district is compactly covered by mangrove forests, and is one of the prime reserves for the Bengal tiger.
The history of the area can be traced back to 200–300 AD. A wreck of a city built by Chand Sadagar has been originate in the Baghmara Forest Block. During the Mughal period, the Mughal Kings leased the forests of the Sundarbans to nearby residents. Many criminals took protection in the Sundarbans from the advancing armies of Emperor Akbar. Many have been known to be attacked by Tigers Many of the buildings which were built by them later fell to hands of Portuguese pirates, salt smugglers and dacoits in the 17th century. Substantiation of the fact can be traced from the ruins at Netidhopani and other places sprinkled all over Sundarbans. The officially permitted status of the forests underwent a series of changes, together with the dissimilarity of being the first mangrove forest in the world to be brought under systematic management. The area was mapped first in Persian, by the Surveyor universal as early as 1764 subsequent soon after proprietary rights were confiscated from the Mughal Emperor Alamgir II by the British East India Company in 1757. As the British had no expertise or adaptation experience in mangrove forests. Methodical management of this forest tract started in the 1860s after the organization of a Forest Department in the prefecture of Bengal, in British India. The management was completely designed to extract whatsoever treasures were accessible, but labor and lower administration mostly were staffed by locals
The first Forest administration Division to have authority over the Sundarbans was recognized in 1869. In 1875 a large segment of the mangrove forests was affirmed as kept back forests in 1875–76 under the Forest Act, 1865 (Act VIII of 1865). The outstanding portions of the forests were confirmed a reserve forest the following year and the forest, which was so far administered by the civil supervision district, was placed underneath the control of the Forest Department. A Forest Division, which is the basic forest administration and administration unit, was twisted in 1879 with the headquarter in Khulna, Bangladesh. The first management plan was written for the period 1893–98.
In 1911, it was described as a tract of waste country which had never been surveyed, nor had the opinion poll been complete to it. It then stretched for about 165 miles (266 km) from the mouth of the Hugli to the mouth of the Meghna river and was bordered domestic by the three settled districts of the 24 Parganas, Khulna and Bakerganj. The total area (including water) was predictable at 6,526 square miles (16,902 km2). It was a water-logged jungle, in which tigers and other wild beasts abounded. Attempts at repossession had not been very unbeaten. The Sundarbans was everywhere intersected by river channels and creeks, some of which afforded water announcement throughout the Bengal region both for steamers and for resident boats.
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